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1.
Rev. méd. Maule ; 36(2): 34-40, dic. 2021. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1377959

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Obstetric ultrasound is part of the screening to select the population at high risk of having a congenital malformation. Considering that fetal defects occur in approximately 2-4 out of every 100 live newborns, and are the cause of 35-40% of perinatal mortality in Chile, it is therefore justified to perform the second trimester ultrasound, which presents a high index prenatal screening (56%), with few false positives. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out, by reviewing 6,385 ultrasound scans, which were performed during one year (June 2020-June 2021), at the Regional Hospital of Talca, where 126 fetuses with suspected malformation were detected. Results: Of the total number of patients evaluated, a congenital malformation rate of 1.9% was detected, with cardiac malformations the most frequent, and diabetes mellitus the main risk factor. Conclusions: Antenatal ultrasound study is essential in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, followed by a referral to an ultrasound committee, emphasizing early and interdisciplinary management. The frequencies found are similar to those reported in the international bibliography


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Young Adult , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Fetal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Comorbidity , Chile , Retrospective Studies , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Chromosome Disorders/genetics
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1280304

ABSTRACT

Con gran interés leí el artículo: Síndrome del corazón izquierdo hipoplásico, de la autoría de Crespo Vallejo y otros investigadores ecuatorianos. Este síndrome (ICD10CM: Q23.4) representa entre el 7 y el 9 por ciento de las malformaciones congénitas cardiacas y constituye la causa más frecuente de insuficiencia cardiaca y de mortalidad neonatal por cardiopatías congénitas (CC) en la primera semana de vida.1 Los autores describen muy adecuadamente al síndrome de cavidades izquierdas hipoplásicas (SCIH)…como una combinación de varias malformaciones que, en su conjunto, son los responsables de todas las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad y citando a Laranjo y otros, plantean que: …"Se conoce que todas estas afecciones tienen un componente genético; sin embargo, en el caso del SCIH no se ha identificado aún el tipo o localización del trastorno responsable de la aparición del...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Infant Mortality , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome/epidemiology
3.
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics ; (6): 63-66, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-879524

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genotype-phenotype correlation of a case with Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome (SIHIWES) caused by a novel CHD4 gene variant.@*METHODS@#Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the patient and her parents. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out for the patient.Suspected variant was verified by Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The proband, a 2-year-old Chinese girl, presented with global developmental delay, intellectual disability, distinctive facial features and multiple congenital anomalies. Her prenatal manifestations included increased nuchal thickness, cranial and facial anomalies, and decreased fetal movement. WES has identified a novel variant in the CHD4 gene, namely NM_001273:c.2989C>G (p.Leu997Val) (GRCh37/hg19).Comparison of her phenotype with previously reported SIHIWES cases suggested that our patient's prenatal presentations were unreported before, with novel features including funduscopic anomaly, facial dysmorphisms such as asymmetrical ears, drooping eyelid, long philtrum and downturned mouth.@*CONCLUSION@#Above findings have expanded the mutational spectrum of the CHD4 gene and revealed novel phenotypes in Chinese patients with SIHIWES.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , China , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Genetic Association Studies , Genetic Testing , Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex/genetics , Phenotype , Syndrome , Exome Sequencing
4.
Estud. Interdiscip. Psicol ; 11(3): 218-231, set-dez.2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342688

ABSTRACT

O trabalho busca relatar uma prática extensionista em um Hospital Universitário que teve como objetivo ampliar as ações no cuidado a pessoas com defeitos congênitos (DC) no SUS. Para tanto, apresenta-se a experiência de estudantes de psicologia em ambulatório de genética, ao associar à prática médica ambulatorial a escuta clínica. Discute-se neste artigo a importância da prática extensiva na atenção a pacientes com DC e seus familiares, decorrente da necessidade da interlocução entre medicina e psicologia na clínica contemporânea. Os resultados delimitaram os desafios enfrentados pelas estudantes e os efeitos da prática extensionista em serviço de genética clínica: estabelecimento de um espaço de fala e escuta; complexidade das condições genéticas; problemática do acompanhamento psicológico em serviço ambulatorial; e implicações na formação em Psicologia. Ressalta-se, por fim, a pertinência das reflexões teórico-clínicas acerca de uma primeira experiência de escuta clínica em sua dupla vertente: como dispositivo tanto terapêutico quanto formativo (AU).


This work seeks to report an extension practice in a University Hospital that had the objective to expand the care actions concerning people with birth defects in the Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS). Therefore, it presents the psychology student's experience in a genetic ambulatory, associating the clinical listening to the medical practice. This article also discusses the importance of the extension practice in attention to people with birth defects, through the emerging dialogue between medical practice and the clinical listening. The results set out the challenges faced by the students and the extension practice effects in a genetic service: an effective speaking and listening space; the genetical conditions complexity; the continuity of psychological support issue; and the implications in Psychology formation. Is stands out, lastly, the relevance of theoretical-clinical reflections concerning a first clinical listening experience double-sided: such as a therapeutic disposal and as a formative one (AU).


El trabajo busca reportar una práctica de extensión en un Hospital Universitario que tuvo como objetivo ampliar las acciones de atención a personas con defectos de nacimiento (EC) en el SUS. Para ello, presenta la experiencia en una consulta externa de genética, asociando la escucha clínica a la práctica médica ambulatoria. Este artículo discute la importancia de una práctica extensa en el cuidado de pacientes con EC y sus familias, debido a la necesidad de diálogo entre la medicina y la psicología en la clínica contemporánea. Los resultados delimitaron los desafíos enfrentados por los estudiantes y los efectos de la práctica de extensión en un servicio de genética clínica: establecimiento de un espacio para el habla y la escucha; complejidad de las condiciones genéticas; problemática del seguimiento psicológico en un servicio ambulatorio; e implicaciones para la formación en psicología. Finalmente, se destaca la relevancia de las reflexiones teórico-clínicas acerca de una primera experiencia de escucha clínica en su doble vertiente: como dispositivo terapéutico y formativo (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Professional Practice , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Congenital Abnormalities/psychology , Delivery of Health Care , Patients/psychology , Psychology/education , Students , Unified Health System , Family/psychology , Caregivers/psychology , Education, Medical , Hospitals, University
5.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(4): 358-365, ago. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138632

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El diagnóstico prenatal de anomalías congénitas tiene como objetivo ofrecer consejería apropiada, identificar aquellas patologías que se benefician de terapia fetal y coordinar la derivación de estas pacientes a centros terciarios para un óptimo manejo perinatal. Para el diagnóstico y manejo de las anomalías congénitas en el Hospital Dr. Sótero Del Río contamos con un equipo multidisciplinario. El objetivo de este estudio es describir nuestra experiencia como centro de referencia en Santiago de Chile en relación al diagnostico prenatal de malformaciones congénitas, estudio genético prenatal y resultados perinatales. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo. Se incluyó a las pacientes registradas en las bases de datos ecográficas entre 2010 y 2019 del Hospital Dr. Sotero del Rio. Se revisaron fichas clínicas para evaluación y seguimiento postnatal. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 404 pacientes con sospecha de malformaciones congénitas o marcadores de aneuploidías. La edad gestacional media de la evaluación fue 29 semanas (14-38 semanas). La mediana de la edad gestacional al parto fue 37.6 semanas (20-41 semanas). Se obtuvo un 78% de recién nacidos vivos, 12% óbitos fetales y 10% mortineonatos. Las malformaciones más frecuentes fueron cardiovasculares, sistema nervioso central, hidrops, extremidades, abdomen y genitourinario. Se realizo el estudio genético en 232 pacientes; 61% resultado normal, 12.5% trisomía 21, 8% trisomía 18, 4% trisomía 13, 4% XO, 4% otras. Se analizaron las pacientes que se acogieron a la ley de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo. CONCLUSIÓN: Destacamos la importancia de derivación a centros de referencia de pacientes con sospecha de malformaciones congénitas para un adecuado diagnostico prenatal, ofrecer un manejo con equipo multidisciplinario y así mejorar los resultados neonatales.


INTRODUCTION: The objectives of prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformations are to offer the patient and her family the proper counseling, identify those conditions that benefits of prenatal therapy and to coordinate the referral to tertiary centers to improve neonatal survival. Our hospital counts with a multidisciplinary team who evaluate the patients together. The objective of this study is to describe our experience as a referral center in prenatal diagnosis, management and neonatal outcomes in Santiago de Chile. METHODS: Retrospective and descriptive study. Patients registered in our prenatal diagnosis database between September 2010 and July 2019 were included. Clinical files were reviewed for neonatal outcomes. OUTCOMES: 404 patients with congenital malformations or aneuploidy markers were evaluated. The average gestational age of the evaluation was 29 weeks. Median gestational age to delivery was 37 weeks plus 6 days. 78% of livebirth, 12% fetal demise and 10% of neonatal death were obtained. The most frequent fetal malformations were cardiovascular, central nervous system, fetal hydrops, extremities, abdominal wall defects and urinary system. Fetal karyotype was performed in 232 patients; 61% normal karyotype, 12.5% trisomy 21, 8% trisomy 18, 4% trisomy 13, 4% monosomy X, 4% others. We also analyze the patients who agreed to termination of pregnancy according to Chilean legislation. CONCLUSION: We highlight the importance of referral of patients with suspected fetal malformations to tertiary centers for an adequate evaluation by a multidisciplinary team of specialists, to improve the survival and neonatal outcome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Prenatal Diagnosis/statistics & numerical data , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Patient Care Team , Referral and Consultation , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Pregnancy Outcome , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Gestational Age
6.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 33(4): 425-426, July-Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134392

ABSTRACT

Abstract Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defects and the leading cause of mortality in the first year of life. It is well known that the 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans and that congenial heart diseases (CHDs) are one of the most common phenotypic manifestations. However, it should be noted that the 22q11 deletion was also found in a significant number of patients with isolated CHD. The 22q11DS phenotype may include cardiovascular anomalies, palatal abnormalities, nasal voice, immune deficiency, endocrine dysfunctions, a varying degree of cognitive deficits and intellectual disabilities, velopharyngeal insufficiency, and characteristic craniofacial dysmorphism. This condition affects about 1 in 4,000 live births, making 22q11DS the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans. Here we describe the cases of three children who were referred to the clinical hospital center with the diagnosis of CHD, but with no direct signs of 22q11DS. Investigation of familial data led us to suspect that the mothers could be carriers of 22q11DS. The multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) testing confirmed that the patients and mothers exhibited 3 Mb 22q11 deletions, which justified the clinical signs in the mothers and the CHD in children. In the presence of a few characteristics that are common of a spectrum of some known syndromes, a familial examination can provide clues to a definitive diagnosis, as well as to the prevention of diseases and genetic counseling of these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , 22q11 Deletion Syndrome/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics , Phenotype , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency , DiGeorge Syndrome/genetics , Genetic Counseling
7.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057226

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: For every 100 random children diagnosed with autism, at least 20 have morphological abnormalities, often associated with syndromes. Brazil does not have a standardized and validated instrument for morphological physical examination. This study aimed to translate into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapt the clinical signs described in the Autism Dysmorphology Measure, as well as validate the instrument in a sample of children with autism. Methods: The original instrument was translated, culturally adapted, and published in full, following traditional procedures for translation, back-translation, and terminology adaptation according to the Nomina Anatomica. The sample included 62 children from a published multicenter study, with intelligence quotient between 50-69, of both genders, with chronological age between 3-6 years. Two clinical geneticists performed the morphological physical examination, which consisted of investigating 82 characteristics assessing 12 body areas. We used Cohen's Kappa coefficient to evaluate the agreement between the two observers. Results: The final version of the instrument - translated into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted - showed high agreement between the two observers. Conclusions: The translated instrument meets all international criteria, and minor anomalies and their clinical descriptions were standardized and are recognizable for physicians not specialized in genetics.


RESUMO Objetivo: Entre 100 crianças, não selecionadas, com diagnóstico de autismo, pelo menos 20 apresentam anomalias morfológicas, quase sempre associadas a síndromes. Não há no Brasil instrumento de exame físico morfológico padronizado e validado. O objetivo foi traduzir para o português do Brasil e adaptar culturalmente os sinais clínicos descritos no Autism Dysmorphology Measure, assim como procurar evidências de validade quando aplicado a uma amostra de crianças com autismo. Métodos: Foram feitas a tradução e a adaptação cultural do instrumento original, publicado na íntegra. Foram adotados os procedimentos tradicionais de tradução, retrotradução e adaptação da terminologia segundo a Nomina Anatomica. Foram incluídas na amostra 62 crianças com quociente de inteligência entre 50 e 69, de ambos os sexos, com idade cronológica entre três e seis anos, provenientes de estudo multicêntrico com os procedimentos metodológicos já publicados. O exame físico morfológico foi realizado por dois médicos geneticistas e consistiu na pesquisa de 82 características que avaliam 12 áreas corporais. Para avaliar a concordância entre os dois observadores foi utilizado o coeficiente Kappa de Cohen. Resultados: A versão final do instrumento traduzido e adaptado culturalmente ao português do Brasil mostrou alta concordância entre os dois observadores. Conclusões: O instrumento traduzido preenche todos os critérios propostos internacionalmente e o reconhecimento das anomalias menores e sua descrição clínica estão padronizados e são de fácil reconhecimento aos médicos não especialistas em genética.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Physical Examination/methods , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Adaptation, Psychological/physiology , Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology , Translations , Brazil/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Cultural Characteristics , Body Dysmorphic Disorders/psychology , Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis , Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics
8.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 84(3): 236-244, jun. 2019. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020642

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: La ausencia congénita de vagina es una condición poco común, algunas causas son el síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser y la insensibilidad periférica a los andrógenos. Múltiples técnicas quirúrgicas y no quirúrgicas se han descrito para el manejo de esta condición, siendo el objetivo principal la creación de un canal vaginal de diámetro y longitud adecuada que permitan restaurar la función coital. El objetivo de este estudio es detallar la experiencia del procedimiento de neovagina con la técnica quirúrgica de McIndoe en pacientes con Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser realizados en la Unidad de Uroginecología de la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana. METODOLOGÍA: Reporte de 5 casos de pacientes con agenesia de vagina secundarios al síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser, a las cuales se les realizó neovagina con la técnica de McIndoe con algunas modificaciones en el molde para el implante de piel. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron cinco pacientes con diagnóstico de Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser, todas tenían desarrollo de características sexuales secundarias, perfil hormonal normal, y un cariotipo XX. Se utilizó la técnica quirúrgica de McIndoe para la realización de la neovagina sin complicaciones intraoperatorias asociadas y con adecuada evolución posoperatoria, con una longitud vaginal entre 7-9 cm y 3 pacientes con vida sexual activa. El tiempo de estancia hospitalaria fue 7 a 9 días. CONCLUSIÓN: La técnica quirúrgica de McIndoe es una opción para restaurar la función sexual en mujeres con agenesia vaginal con resultados favorables. El tiempo para decidir su realización es electivo, sin embargo, se debe contar con madurez física y emocional para ser llevado a cabo. Las pacientes de nuestro reporte tenían una edad promedio de 18 años.


SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: The congenital absence of the vagina is an uncommon condition, some causes are the Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome and peripheral insensitivity to androgens. Multiple surgical and non-surgical techniques have been described for the management of this condition, being the main objective the creation of a vaginal canal of adequate diameter and length to restore coital function. The objective of this study is to detail the experience of the neovagina procedure with the McIndoe surgical technique performed in patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome at the Clinica Universitaria Bolivariana. METHODOLOGY: Report of five cases of patients with vaginal agenesis secondary to the Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome, who underwent neovagina with the McIndoe technique and some modifications in the mold for the skin implant. RESULTS: Five patients with diagnosis of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser were included, all had development of secondary sexual characteristics, normal hormonal profile, and a XX karyotype. The McIndoe surgical technique was used to perform the neovagina without associated intraoperative complications and with adequate postoperative evolution, with a vaginal length between 7-9 cm and three patients with active sexual life. The length of hospital stay was 7 to 9 days. CONCLUSION: The McIndoe surgical technique is an option to restore sexual function in women with vaginal agenesis with favorable results. The time to decide its realization is elective, however, they must have the physical and emotional maturity to be carried out. The patients in our report have an average age of 18 years.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Congenital Abnormalities/surgery , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Vagina/surgery , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures , Vagina/abnormalities , Surgically-Created Structures , 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development/surgery , Mullerian Ducts/abnormalities
9.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 34(4)oct.-dic. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093468

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los defectos congénitos mayores son resultado de un defecto de desarrollo intrínseco y desde su comienzo en un órgano o en una región anatómica. Su unión con otros formarán los síndromes caracterizados por un conjunto de defectos múltiples por malformación, disrupción o deformidad con afectación de varias áreas del desarrollo y con íntima relación histopatológica. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del asesoramiento genético en gestantes basado en evidencias ultrasonográficas de defectos congénitos mayores. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en el Policlínico José Martí Pérez del municipio de Santiago de Cuba. El universo estuvo conformado por la totalidad de las gestantes con evidencias ultrasonográficas de defectos congénitos mayores en los años 2016-2017. La información obtenida se procesó de forma computarizada y se aplicó el porcentaje como medida de resumen. Resultados: La aparición y detección de los defectos congénitos en las gestantes adolescentes afecta principalmente el sistema cardiaco, asociado a cromosomopatías, sistema renal, nervioso central, interrumpiéndose el mayor número de gestantes con defectos congénitos mayores. Conclusiones: Se evidenció que con el asesoramiento genético como herramienta de prevención de los defectos congénitos, se logró la terminación voluntaria del embarazo en la mayoría de los casos manteniendo la tasa de mortalidad infantil por debajo de los propósitos nacionales, mediante la detección precoz de los defectos congénitos en la Atención Primaria de Salud(AU)


Introduction: Major congenital defects result from any intrinsic development defect and from their beginning in an organ or in an anatomical region. Their union with others shall form the syndromes characterized by a set of multiple defects due to malformation, disruption or deformity with involvement of several development areas and with an intimate histopathological relationship. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of genetic counseling in pregnant women based on ultrasonographic evidence of major congenital defects. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at José Martí Pérez Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba Municipality. The study population was made up of all pregnant women with ultrasonographic evidence of major congenital defects in the years 2016 and 2017. The information obtained was processed in a computerized way and the percentage was applied as a summary measure. Results: The onset and detection of congenital defects in adolescent pregnant women mainly affects the cardiac system, associated to chromosomopathies, the renal system, the central nervous system, terminating the greater amount of pregnant women with major congenital defects. Conclusions: Genetic counseling was evidenced to be a tool for the prevention of congenital defects, by which voluntary termination of pregnancy can be achieved in most cases, keeping infant mortality rate below national purposes, through early detection of congenital defects in primary health care(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Primary Health Care , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Congenital Abnormalities/prevention & control , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies
11.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 44(3): 1-17, jul.-set. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093610

ABSTRACT

La vía de señalización Notch desempeña un papel clave para regular el destino celular, crecimiento, proliferación y la muerte celular programada durante el desarrollo de organismos eucariotas. Esta vía está relacionada con una enorme diversidad de procesos del desarrollo y su disfunción está implicada en el origen de muchas malformaciones congénitas. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de actualizar la información sobre la vía de señalización Notch y su relación con el origen de diferentes malformaciones congénitas sensibles a la deficiencia materna de ácido fólico y otros micronutrientes. La literatura médica publicada en idiomas español e inglés se recopiló a través de buscadores como PubMed, Medline, Scielo, Lilacs y la biblioteca Cochrane en enero de 2018 usando palabras clave apropiadas. El conocimiento de esta vía de señalización podría ayudar a comprender mejor algunos aspectos de la morfogénesis, ya que, al actuar como un controlador maestro del destino celular, la proliferación, diferenciación y muerte celular programada, ofrece puntos específicos y susceptibles de intervención que posibilitan la prevención de determinadas malformaciones congénitas en el hombre(AU)


Notch signaling pathway plays a key role to regulate cell grow, fates, proliferation and programmed cell death in development of eukaryotic organisms. This pathway is related with an enormous diversity of developmental processes and its dysfunction is implicated in the origin of many congenital malformations. A review was performed to provide updated information on Notch signaling pathway involved in the origin of some congenital malformations related with maternal deficiency of folic acid and other micronutrients. Published medical literature in Spanish and English languages was retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Scielo, Lilacs and the Cochrane Library in January 2018, using appropriate key words. Knowledge about this signaling pathway could help to better understand some topics of morphogenesis, since by acting as a master controller of cell fate, proliferation, differentiation and programmed cell death, it offers susceptible and specific points which make possible to prevent some human congenital malformations(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Receptors, Notch/analysis , Receptors, Notch/genetics , Receptors, Notch/therapeutic use , Morphogenesis/genetics , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics
12.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 33(2): 258-261, abr.-jun. 2018. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-909428

ABSTRACT

Síndrome do choro assimétrico é uma condição congênita secundária à hipoplasia ou ausência do músculo depressor do ângulo da boca. Trata-se de uma condição não tão incomum que pode cursar com assimetria facial ao chorar e sorrir, além de poder estar associadas a outras malformações congênitas. Crianças com essa deformidade podem sofrer dificuldades psicossociais e introversão. O arsenal terapêutico dessa condição já foi estudado e discutido na literatura com ênfase em abordagens cirúrgicas e invasivas. Relatamos aqui um caso de uma criança de 9 anos com essa síndrome, tratada, de forma menos invasiva, com toxina botulínica, com um bom resultado e satisfação.


Asymmetric crying face syndrome is a congenital condition secondary to hypoplasia or absence of the depressor muscle at the mouth angle. It is a common condition that presents with facial asymmetry while crying and smiling and may be associated with other congenital malformations. Children with this deformity may experience psychosocial difficulties and introversion. The therapeutic arsenal of this condition has already been studied and discussed in the literature with an emphasis on surgical and invasive approaches. We report here a case of a 9-year-old child with this syndrome, treated less invasively with botulinum toxin, with good result and satisfaction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , History, 21st Century , Congenital Abnormalities , Botulinum Toxins, Type A , Facial Asymmetry , Facial Paralysis , Mouth Abnormalities , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Congenital Abnormalities/rehabilitation , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/adverse effects , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/drug effects , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/pharmacology , Facial Asymmetry/surgery , Facial Asymmetry/complications , Facial Asymmetry/drug therapy , Facial Paralysis/surgery , Facial Paralysis/complications , Facial Paralysis/congenital , Mouth Abnormalities/surgery , Mouth Abnormalities/diagnosis , Mouth Abnormalities/rehabilitation
13.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 83(1): 93-98, feb. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899976

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange (SCdL) es un trastorno hereditario del desarrollo con transmisión dominante, aunque la mayoría de los casos son esporádicos. La prevalencia es variable oscilando entre 1/10.000-1/100.000 nacimientos. Se caracteriza por un fenotipo facial distintivo, anomalías en las extremidades superiores y retraso del crecimiento y psicomotor. El diagnóstico prenatal de este síndrome está limitado a la detección de anomalías mayores, ya que los rasgos fenotípicos distintivos del mismo no son fácilmente detectables. Suele cursar con aumento de la translucencia nucal, higroma quístico y valores de PAPP-A bajos en el primer trimestre de la gestación; retraso del crecimiento intrauterino, retromicrognatia, anomalías con grado variable de severidad de las extremidades superiores y otras anomalías cardiovasculares, gastrointestinales o genitourinarias que condicionan el pronóstico fetal. Se presentan los hallazgos ecográficos de dos casos con sospecha de afectación por el SCdL, y la correlación entre los mismos y los hallazgos en la necropsia. Al establecer la sospecha diagnóstica de forma retrospectiva, en los casos presentados no fue posible estudiar la presencia de mutaciones genéticas asociadas con el SCdL. A pesar de los avances en el diagnóstico genético de este síndrome, la base genética del mismo es todavía desconocida en alrededor del 30% de los pacientes, lo que sugiere la contribución de otros genes y/o factores ambientales en su etiología.


ABSTRACT Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is an hereditary developmental disorder with dominant condition, although most cases are sporadic. The prevalence is variable ranging from 1/10,000 to 1/100,000 live births. It is characterized by a distinct facial phenotype, upper limb abnormalities, growth retardation and severe mental retardation. Prenatal diagnosis of this syndrome is limited to detecting major abnormalities, since characteristic facial features aren't easily detectable. Is usually associated with increased nuchal translucency, cystic hygroma and low PAPP- A levels in first trimester of pregnancy; intrauterine growth retardation, retromicrognathia, anomalies with varying degrees of severity of upper limbs and other cardiovascular, gastrointestinal or genitourinary abnormalities that affect fetal prognosis. The sonographic findings of two cases with suspected involvement by CdLS, and the correlation between them and necropsy findings are presented. Since the suspected diagnosis was established retrospectively in the presented cases, it wasn't possible to study the association with CdLS gene mutations. Despite advances in genetic diagnosis of this syndrome, the genetic basis of it still unknown in about 30% of patients, suggesting the contribution of other genes and/or environmental factors in its etiology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Prenatal Diagnosis , Autopsy/methods , De Lange Syndrome/genetics , Fetal Death , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Genetic Phenomena , Fetus/pathology
15.
Cuenca; s.n; Universidad de Cuenca; 2018. 44 p. ilus; tab. CD-ROM.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1102653

ABSTRACT

Background: Congenital heart disease is the main cause of mortality in patients with congenital malformations, it represents the third cause of death in our country. Objective: To determine the factors associated with congenital heart disease in patients under 5 years of age hospitalized in pediatrics of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. March 2016 to February 2017. Methodology: A study of paired cases and controls was carried out, with a relation 1:2, obtaining 83 cases and 166 controls. Association was determined by the chi-squared test according to Mantel and Haenszel, and it was quantified by OR with a 95% confidence interval, and with a level of significance with the value of p <0.05. For the preponderance of the factors, binary logistic regression analysis was carried out. Results: Cases and controls were homogeneous in sex, residence and age. The Chi square of Mantel and Haenszel determined statistically significant relationship between congenital heart diseases with chromossomopathies OR 11, 98 IC 3.36-42.74 p 0.000; exposure to toxic (alcohol) OR 2.85 IC 1.23-6.61 p 0.010; Family history of heart disease OR 8.30 IC 2.14-30.65 p 0.000. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis the association for chromossomopathies was maintained (OR 17.65 IC 4.87-63.88 p 0.000); toxic exposure (alcohol) OR 4.21 IC 1.77-10.05 p 0.001 and family history of heart disease OR 12.10 CI 3.21-45-59 p 0.000. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant relationship between congenital heart diseases and chromossomopathies, toxic exposure (alcohol) and family history of heart disease


Antecedente: Las cardiopatías congénitas son la principal causa de mortalidad en pacientes con malformaciones congénitas, representa la tercera causa de muerte en nuestro país. Objetivo general: Determinar los factores asociados a cardiopatías congénitas en pacientes menores de 5 años hospitalizados en pediatría del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Marzo 2016 a Febrero 2017. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles pareados, con una relación 1:2, obteniendo 83 casos y 166 controles. Se determinó asociación mediante la prueba chi cuadrado según Mantel y Haenszel, y se cuantificó mediante OR con un Intervalo de confianza del 95%, y con un nivel de significancia con el valor de p < 0.05. Para la preponderancia de los factores se realizó análisis de regresión logística binaria. Resultados: Los casos y los controles fueron homogéneos en sexo, residencia y edad. El Chi cuadrado de Mantel y Haenszel determinó relación estadísticamente significativa entre cardiopatías congénitas con cromosomopatías OR 11, 98 IC 3,36-42,74 p 0,000; exposición a tóxicos (alcohol) OR 2,85 IC 1,23-6,61 p 0,010; antecedentes familiares de cardiopatías OR 8,30 IC 2,14-30,65 p 0,000. En el análisis de regresión logística multivariado se mantuvo la asociación para cromosomopatías (OR 17,65 IC 4,87-63,88 p 0,000); exposición a tóxicos (alcohol) OR 4,21 IC 1,77-10,05 p 0,001 y antecedentes familiares de cardiopatías OR 12,10 IC 3,21-45-59 p 0,000. Conclusiones: Existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre cardiopatías congénitas y cromosomopatías, exposición a tóxicos (alcohol) y antecedentes familiares de cardiopatías


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Mutation Accumulation
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(7): 854-861, jul. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902558

ABSTRACT

Background: In 20% of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and congenital abnormalities (CA) the cause would be a genomic imbalance detectable only by chromosomal microarrays (CMA). Aim: To analyze the results of CMA performed at the INTA Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, during a period of four years in patients with NDD or CA. Material and Methods: Retrospective study that included all CMA reports of Chilean patients. Age, sex, clinical diagnosis and origin were analyzed, as well as the characteristics of the finding. The percentage of cases diagnosed by CMA was calculated considering all patients with pathogenic (PV) or probably pathogenic variants (VLP). Finally, we studied the association between patients' characteristics and a positive CMA outcome. Results: A total of 236 reports were analyzed. The median age was 5.41 (range 2.25-9.33) years, and 59% were men. Ninety chromosomal imbalances were found, which corresponded mainly to deletions (53.3%), with a median size of 1.662 (range 0.553-6.673) Megabases. The diagnostic rate of CMA in Chilean patients from all over the country was 19.2%. There was a close relationship between the patient's sex and the detection of VLP/VP (p = 0.034). Conclusions: Our diagnostic rate and the association between female sex and a higher percentage of diagnosed cases are concordant with other international studies. Therefore, CMA is a valid diagnostic tool in the Chilean population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Microarray Analysis/methods , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/diagnosis , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics , Chile , Retrospective Studies
17.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(3): 150-152, jun. 2017. []
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887325

ABSTRACT

El tabique vaginal transverso es una anomalía que se originaría por un fracaso en la fusión y/o canalización del seno urogenital y de los conductos müllerianos con baja frecuencia, pero con un importante impacto en la salud de las pacientes que lo presentan. El tratamiento es quirúrgico y la vía de abordaje depende de la localización y del espesor del tabique. En ocasiones, se ha relacionado con una herencia que podría ser recesiva asociada al sexo, pero se han documentado pocos casos de asociación familiar. Se exponen los casos de dos hermanas que presentaron esta rara entidad con 5 años de diferencia y que se diagnosticaron por la aparición de dolor abdominal hipogástrico intenso a la edad de 11 y 12 años, cuando presentaban un desarrollo puberal estadio III de Tanner y amenorrea primaria.


Transverse vaginal septum is a disorder that would arise from a failure in the fusion and/or channeling of the urogenital sinus and the müllerian ducts with low frequency but with a significant impact on the health of patients. The treatment is surgical and it will depend on the location and thickness of the septum. Sometimes, it described a female sex-limited autosomal recessive transmission but few cases of family association have been reported. We present the cases of two sisters who had this rare entity 5 years apart and were diagnosed by the presentation of an intense hypogastric abdominal pain at the age of 11 and 12 years when they had a Tanner stage III pubertal development and primary amenorrhea.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Vagina/abnormalities , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Congenital Abnormalities/therapy
18.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 42(4): 451-463, sep.-dic. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845032

ABSTRACT

Introducción: los defectos del tubo neural se asocian a valores séricos elevados de alfafetoproteína. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia ajustada de los defectos del tubo neural en la provincia de Villa Clara. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo donde se incluyeron 43 de los casos nacidos vivos o por interrupción electiva de la gestación por esta causa. Los datos sobre el tipo específico de defecto del tubo neural y los valores séricos de alfafetoproteína materna se obtuvieron del Registro Cubano de Malformaciones Congénitas y del Registro Cubano Prenatal de Malformaciones Congénitas del Centro Provincial de Genética Médica de Villa Clara. Resultados: mediante técnicas de estadística espacial se buscaron conglomerados temporales, espaciales o ambos. Se concluyó que la tasa de prevalencia ajustada fue de 5,47 por cada 1000 recién nacidos. Los niveles séricos de alfafetoproteína resultaron de utilidad para el diagnóstico de los defectos del tubo neural abiertos como la anencefalia. Conclusiones: los hallazgos de conglomerados espaciales y temporales, permitieron identificar los municipios que deben ser objeto de intervención, a través de programas destinados a la identificación y control de posibles factores de riesgo ambientales relacionados con estos defectos congénitos(AU)


Introduction: Neural tube defects are associated to high serum alpha fetoprotein values. Objective: To determine the adjusted prevalence rate of the neural tube defects in Villa Clara province. Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in 43 of the infants born alive or from elective cessation of pregnancy because of this problem. Data on specific type of the neural tube defect and the maternal serum alpha fetoprotein values were taken from the Cuban Register of Congenital Malformations and from the Cuban Prenatal Congenital Malformations of the provincial center of medical genetics in Villa Clara province. Results: The spatial statistical techniques allowed finding time, spatial or spatial-time clusters. The adjusted prevalence rate was 5.47 per 1000 newborns. The serum alpha fetoprotein levels observed in the study were useful for the diagnosis of the open neural tube defects such as anencephaly. Conclusions: The spatial and time cluster findings allowed determining those municipalities where intervention is necessary through programs for the detection and control of possible environmental factors related to these congenital defects(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , alpha-Fetoproteins/genetics , Space-Time Clustering , Neural Tube Defects/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
19.
Rev. fac. cienc. méd. (Impr.) ; 13(1): 36-40, ene.-jun. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-827222

ABSTRACT

El Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange es un trastorno del desarrollo poco frecuente, heterogéneo genéticamente, que se define en su forma clásica por hipocrecimiento antenatal y postnatal, microcefalia, rasgos faciales distintivos, sinofridia e hirsutismo, retraso mental y micromelia. Objetivo: dar a conocer las características clínicas de los pacientes con este síndrome para realizar diagnósticos oportunos, estudios pertinentes y manejos multidisciplinarios en los pacientes afectados. Caso Clínico, lactante femenina, 19 meses de edad, con antecedentes maternos: 17 años, embarazo de 34 semanas de gestación, con un control prenatal, atendida en Hospital Santa Bárbara Integrado, ingresada para uteroinhibición sin lograr respuesta y desencadena trabajo de parto. Recién nacida, femenina, cefálica, peso de 1,625 g, perímetro cefálico 29.5 cm, malformaciones en miembros superiores, ingresada a sala de neonatos por distrés respiratorio y prematurez. Evaluada por pediatra, quien describe características dismórficas. Al examen físico: focomelia, micromelia, pestañas largas y abundantes, sinofridia e hirsutismo. En la radiografía se observó: agenesia de ambos cubitos, todos los hallazgos clínicos y laboratoriales compatibles con Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange. No se realizó ecocardiograma ni estudios genéticos, el diagnóstico de este síndrome fue clínico. A los 19 meses fue reevaluada y se encontró: peso 3,600 g, perímetro cefálico 34.5 cm y talla 55 cm, evidente retraso del crecimiento, mental y psicomotor. Conclusión: los pacientes con este síndrome deben ser diagnosticados fundamentalmente por clínica, luego realizar estudios imagenológicos para descartar otras anomalías. Además, el tratamiento debe ser integral...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , De Lange Syndrome/diagnosis , Hirsutism/genetics , Hydrocephalus/complications
20.
Rev. centroam. obstet. ginecol ; 21(1): 15-17, ene.-mar. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-835856

ABSTRACT

Se denomina gastrosquisis al prolapso prenatal del intestino hacia la cavidad amniótica a través de un pequeño defecto de todos los planos de la pared abdominal, ubicado generalmente a la derecha del cordón umbilical. Su prevalencia está incrementándose progresivamente en las últimas décadas, desde un caso por cada 10.000 nacidos vivos en los años setenta, hasta uno por cada 2.500 en la actualidad. La gastrosquisis suele presentarse de forma aislada y esporádica y asociada a malformaciones congénitas...


Subject(s)
Humans , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Gastroschisis/complications , Gastroschisis/etiology , Methods
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